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 crystals,
gems and minerals
gems & minerals N - Q
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Onyx
Variety of: Chalcedony
Chemical Composition: SiO2 Silicon Dioxide
Hardness: 7
Learn more about Onyx!
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Ocean Jasper
Also known as "Orbicular Jasper"
Variety of: Chalcedony
Chemical Composition: SiO2
Hardness: 6.5 - 7 |
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Opals
(tumbled)
October Birthstone
Location: Peru
Chemical Composition: SiO2-nH2O; Hydrated
Silicon Dioxide
Hardness: 5 - 6 |
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Papagoite
Location: S. Africa
Chemical Composition: CaCuAlSi2O6(OH)3;
Calcium Copper Aluminum Silicate Hydroxide
Hardness: 5 - 5.5 |
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Peridot
August Birthstone
Location: Suput Pakistan
Variety of: Olivine
Chemical Composition: (Mg, Fe)2SiO4
Hardness: 6.5 - 7
Learn more about
Peridot! |
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Pearls
Organic Gemstone
Chemical Composition: Calcium Carbonate +
organic substances and water
Hardness: 2.5 - 4.5
Colors: white, pink, silver, cream, golden,
green, blue, and black
Learn more about
pearls! |
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Petrified
Wood
"Bookends"
Location: Oregon
Variety of: Chalcedony
Chemical composition: SiO2, silicon dioxide
Hardness: 6.5 - 7
Petrified wood is fossilized
wood with the mineral composition of jasper,
chalcedony, and, less frequently, opal; it
consists of silicon dioxide only. The wood
has not actually become stone as is usually
understood by the layman. The organic wood
is not changed into stone, but only the
shape and structural elements of the wood
are preserved. The expert speaks of a
pseudomorphosis of chalcedony (or jasper or
opal) after wood. |
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Pietersite
Location: Africa
Hardness: 6.5 - 7 |
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Pyrite
"Fool's Gold"
Location: Colorado
Chemical Composition: FeS2, Iron Sulfide
Hardness: 6 - 6.5
Learn more about
pyrite! |
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Quartz
Variety of: Quartz
Location: China
Chemical Composition: SiO2 silicon dioxide
Hardness: 7
Learn more
about quartz! |
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